ElasticSearch8.X 查询相关

1.创建索引

PUT /shop_v1
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 2,
    "number_of_replicas": 0
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "id": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "title": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "summary": {
        "type": "text"
      },
      "price": {
        "type": "float"
      }
    }
  }
}

2.添加基本数据

PUT /shop_v1/_bulk
{ "index": { "_index": "shop_v1" } }
{ "id": "1", "title": "Spring Boot","summary":"this is a summary Spring Boot video", "price": 9.99 }
{ "index": { "_index": "shop_v1" } }
{ "id": "2", "title": "java","summary":"this is a summary java video", "price": 19.99 }
{ "index": { "_index": "shop_v1" } }
{ "id": "3", "title": "Spring Cloud","summary":"this is a summary Spring Cloud video", "price": 29.99 }
{ "index": { "_index": "shop_v1" } }
{ "id": "4", "title": "Spring_Boot", "summary":"this is a summary Spring_Boot video","price": 59.99 }
{ "index": { "_index": "shop_v1" } }
{ "id": "5", "title": "SpringBoot","summary":"this is a summary SpringBoot video", "price": 0.99 }

• 查询全部数据（match_all）
  • 是一种简单的查询，匹配索引中的所有文档

  • GET /shop_v1/_search
    {
      "query": {
        "match_all": {}
      }
    }
    

• 有条件查询数据
  • match，对查询内容进行分词, 然后进行查询,多个词条之间是 or的关系
  • 然后在与文档里面的分词进行匹配，匹配度越高分数越高越前面

  • GET /shop_v1/_search
    {
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "summary": "Spring"
        }
      }
    }
    
    GET /shop_v1/_search
    {
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "summary": "Spring Java"
        }
      }
    }

• 完整关键词查询
  • term查询，不会将查询条件分词，直接与文档里面的分词进行匹配
  • 虽然match也可以完成，但是match查询会多一步进行分词，浪费资源

  • #keyword类型字段，ES不进行分词
    GET /shop_v1/_search
    {
      "query": {
        "term": {
          "title": {
            "value": "Spring Boot"
          }
        }
      }
    }

 

• 获取指定字段
  • 某些情况场景下，不需要返回全部字段，太废资源，可以指定source返回对应的字段

  • GET /shop_v1/_search
    {
    "_source":["price","title"],
      "query": {
        "term": {
          "title": {
            "value": "Spring Boot"
          }
        }
      }
    }

 

• 总结
  • match在匹配时会对所查找的关键词进行分词，然后分词匹配查找；term会直接对关键词进行查找
  • 一般业务里面需要模糊查找的时候，更多选择match，而精确查找时选择term查询